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Biogas purification
Modes of purification
Whatever the valorisation of biogas (heat or electricity), the presence of a very large variety of components in the biogas, of which some, like the hydrogen sulphide have poisonous and corrosive properties which impose the implementation of biogas purification.
| Usage | Boiler combustion and process | Electricity production and cogeneration | Biogas fuel | Injection in the natural gas grid |
| Purification requirement | De-hydratation Desulphurization (if necessary) |
De-hydratation De-sulphurization (if necessary) |
Decarbonising Dehydration Desulphurization Elimination of organo-halogen (if necessary) Elimination of heavy metals (if necessary) |
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| Period of valorisation | Throughout the year | During winter | Throughout the year | |
| Development phase of the solution | Industrially tested solutions | Industrially tested solutions | Solutions tested industrially in Sweden (STEP) pilot phase in France | Unit controls in the Netherlands, pilot phase in France |
Biogas usage in industry
Examples of low risk applications
- Lime and cements manufacture (these materials collect the Sulphate)
- Tiles and bricks manufacture (if the dehydration is powerful)
- Boilers (if the dehydration is powerful)
Examples of prohibited applications
- Direct use of biogas during the manufacture of food products (dairy, drying of cereals, bakery/pastry making…) - Health risk of interaction of the combustion products with food
- Greenhouses if CO2 injection
Risk of phytotoxicity (by assimilation of the unburnt residues such as aromatic, phenols) - Direct heating of industrial liquids (baths of heat
treatment)
Pollution risk of the baths (in particular by mercury) - Direct heating of the buildings
Health risk by emission of toxic products - Application of heat treatment (in metallurgy)
Need for a perfectly controlled atmosphere - Applications using catalysts (catalytic reduction of the
Nox, catalytic radiants)
Inhibition of catalyst (in particular by sulphur and halogenous products) - Decoration on glass and fine ceramics (medical porcelains,
squares…)
Need for a perfectly controlled atmosphere